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| 12s ribosomal-rna phylogenetic analysis maximum-likelihood strepsiptera problem secondary structure dna-sequence substitution incongruence saturation characters (1) | adaptive landscape canonical analysis correlational selection disruptive selection fitness surface nonlinear selection stabilizing selection natural-selection multivariate selection phenotypic selection teleogryllus-commodus stabilizing selection directio (1) | adaptive landscape genetic correlation G-matrix mutation quantitative genetics response to selection life-history traits selection balance stabilizing selection drosophila-melanogaster caenorhabditis-elegans quantitative genetics polygenic traits characte (1) |
| adaptive landscape genetic correlation genetic covariance genetic variance net selection gradient pleiotropy response to selection quantitative genetics quantitative-genetic-analysis mutation-selection balance drosophila-melanogaster phenotypic evolution (1) | adaptive landscape macroevolution microevolution phenotypic evolution quantitative genetic models comparative methods effective population-size quantitative-genetic-analysis phenotypic evolution natural-selection contemporary microevolution morphological (1) | Agelaius phoeiceus components of fitness extra-pair copulations mate quality opportunity for selection red-winged blackbirds sexual selection variance in reproductive success lifetime reproductive success female choice mating success variance fitness diff (1) |
| Albumin DNA sequences Plethodon Speciation Taxonomy 12s mtDNA sequences geographic protein variation north-american salamanders life-history evolution phylogenetic-relationships rapid diversification cinereus group populations divergence radiation distanc (1) | allometry pacific coast gonad cycle intertidal enso sea surface temperature multivariate enso index latitudinal patterns pacific decadal oscillation northeast pacific el-nino resource-allocation southern-california giant-kelp seasonal acclimatization biol (1) | Ammophila (1) |
| asymmetric sexual isolation Desmognathus ochrophaeus quantitative genetics model reproductive isolation sexual isolation sexual selection triple Gaussian model salamander desmognathus-ochrophaeus mate-recognition systems plethodontid salamanders drosophil (1) | barriers to dispersal Bufo boreas landscape genetics microsatellites Thamnophis elegans Thamnophis sirtalis frog rana-sylvatica microsatellite loci landscape genetics bufo-calamita regression approach thamnophis-elegans variance mitochondrial dispersal di (1) | Bateman gradient index of resource monopolization microsatellites Morisita index parentage sexual selection potential reproductive rates rough-skinned newt taricha-granulosa sperm precedence selection variance success opportunity males competition (1) |
| Bateman gradient mating system microsatellites paternity parentage sexual selection potential reproductive rates taricha-granulosa mate choice success variance opportunity evolution pipefish behavior systems (1) | beachgrass (1) | bertalanffy tanaka newton's method mesocentrotus echinometra stomopneustes evechinus-chloroticus echinoidea strongylocentrotus-franciscanus mortality-rates population-dynamics echinus-esculentus echinodermata california longevity echinometridae variabilit (1) |
| Bifurcation (1) | Biological invasion (1) | body size (1) |
| California (USA) garter snake life history stochastic demography Thamnophis elegans table response experiments thamnophis-elegans environmental stochasticity variable environments growth-rate delayed reproduction poecilia-reticulata natural-selection vit (1) | chemoreceptive responses evolutionary response thamnophis-elegans vancouver island dangerous prey vomeronasal resistance predators diets (1) | climate change (1) |
| coalescent-based maximum likelihood extinction-recolonization F(ST) isolation by distance metapopulation microsatellites maximum-likelihood-estimation northern leopard frog microsatellite loci phylogenetic-relationships coalescent approach migration rates (1) | coastal dune (1) | coastal ecosystems (1) |
| coastal protection (1) | colorado desert fouquieriaceae mortality estimation sonoran desert colorado-desert vegetation population mortality arizona (1) | colouration diversifying selection ecotypic variation F-SC heritability microsatellites Q(SC) Q-statistics scalation color-pattern variation erie water snakes natural-selection lake-erie gene flow quantitative traits g-matrix behavioral variation multiple (1) |
| competition survival weibull function stress-tolerancerce sonoran desert plant-communities water relations competition patterns reproduction growth survivorship removal opuntia (1) | conservation (1) | conservation paleobiology (1) |
| courtship signal pheromone phospholipase A2 inhibitor positive selection rapid evolution reproductive proteins sex-related genes female-attracting pheromone codon-substitution models amino-acid sites plethodontid salamander terrestrial salamander cynops-p (1) | crawling speed ecomorphology lateral bending population variation nerodia-fasciata performance capacity behavioral variation natural-populations muscular mechanisms elaphe-obsoleta body-size limbless morphology kinematics (1) | Del Norte salamander microsatellites Plethodon Siskiyou Mountain salamander genus plethodon speciation behavior loci dna (1) |
| Desmognathus ocoee microsatellite parentage salamander sperm storage rough-skinned newt desmognathus-ochrophaeus sexual selection plethodontid salamander genus desmognathus triturus-alpestris alpine newt insemination competition precedence (1) | deterministic demography Eagle Lake (1) | diel feeding chronology prince-william-sound cod gadus-morhua coho salmon lipid-composition chinook salmon oncorhynchus-tshawytscha species variability yellowtail flounder limanda-ferruginea (1) |
| Direct effects (1) | disturbance (1) | Disturbance experiments (1) |
| echinometra-mathaei deblainville rocky subtidal zone strongylocentrotus-droebachiensis community structure kelp forest shore crab population-structure potential predators diadema-antillarum carcinus-maenas (1) | ecological subsidies (1) | ecosystem dynamics (1) |
| ecosystem service (1) | eelgrass (1) | enhancement effect evolution in changing environments genetic drift heritability moving optimum pleiotropy selection gradient quantitative-genetic-analysis stabilizing selection phenotypic evolution polygenic traits moving optimum mutation balance adaptat (1) |
| environmental sex determination incubation-temperature thamnophis-sirtalis sauria-iguanidae locomotor performance selection evolution reptiles display term (1) | estuary (1) | Eurycea guttolineata Plethodon shermani Desmognathus ocoee Plethodontid Receptivity Factor Plethodontid Modulating Factor Sodefrin Precursor-Like Factor atrial-natriuretic-peptide life-history evolution terrestrial salamander female receptivity signaling (1) |
| eutrophication (1) | extinction risk (1) | fecundity garter snake growth (1) |
| fish daily ration oncorhynchus-kisutch walbaum columbia river plume sockeye-salmon coho salmon meal size prey selectivity british-columbia lake washington multiple meals (1) | Fisher process quantitative genetic model reproductive isolation sexual ornaments stochastic simulations artificial selection mating preference female choice evolution drosophila conflict patterns models populations divergence (1) | florida bay USA thalassia-testudinum population-dynamics growth productivity demography biomass decline forest (1) |
| Flury hierarchy genetic correlation matrix comparisons principal components analysis quantitative genetics randomization test statistical resampling common principal components quantitative genetics morphological-differentiation phenotypic evolution param (1) | Flury hierarchy genetic correlation matrix comparisons quantitative genetics snakes quantitative genetics natural-populations phenotypic evolution behavioral variation morphological-differentiation morphometric correlation drosophila-melanogaster phylogen (1) | Flury hierarchy genetic covariance matrix sexual dimorphism Thamnophis elegans variance-covariance matrices snake thamnophis-ordinoides garter snake sexual-dimorphism genetic correlations antipredator behavior stabilizing selection principal components na (1) |
| Food chain (1) | Food web (1) | freshwater stream fishes (1) |
| functional group (1) | Generalized modeling (1) | genetic correlation genetic covariance genetic variance pleiotropy response to selection quantitative genetics variance-covariance matrices quantitative genetics drosophila-melanogaster natural-populations allonemobius-socius finite populations garter sna (1) |
| geographic patterns demography size structure growth recruitment survival sea urchin baja-california peninsula life-history traits population-dynamics abundance distributions northeastern pacific intertidal community geographic ranges macoma-balthica ther (1) | geographic protein variation desmognathus-ochrophaeus gene flow sexual isolation terrestrial salamanders ensatina-eschscholtzii natural-populations sperm competition hybrid zone hybridization (1) | geographic range (1) |
| Great Basin (1) | growth tanaka function survival reproduction reproductive value disposable soma life-history resource-allocation growth mortality california purpuratus evolution patterns rates size (1) | Holocene (1) |
| homing microsatellites newts parentage population structure site fidelity (1) | individual life history variation (1) | interleukin-6 signal transducer molecular evolution Plethodon shermani evolution prediction declines cloning complex system (1) |
| interspecific competition field experiments female choice ecological causes dimorphism evolution characters success birds covariance (1) | Intraguild predation (1) | invasion risk (1) |
| latitudinal cline tanaka growth model log-linear model survival sea urchin strongylocentrotus franciscanus tetracycline san-nicolas-island life-history resource-allocation purpuratus stimpson population-dynamics echinus-esculentus diadema-antillarum arist (1) | life-history traits strongylocentrotus-franciscanus resource-allocation purpuratus stimpson telomeres shorten size morphology allometry mortality cancer (1) | macroalgae (1) |
| male reproductive success coral-reef fish simultaneous hermaphroditism attractive structures chamaelirium-luteum natural-population mating system evolution size consequences (1) | mating success microsatellites sexual selection Syngnathus typhle reproductive success potential reproductive rates mating systems success females ratios males syngnathidae competition investment variance (1) | maximized vs. optimized growth rate (1) |
| meta-ecosystems (1) | metacommunity structure (1) | multivariate gradient analysis (1) |
| mutation-selection balance genotype-environment interaction quantitative genetics natural-selection sexual dimorphism morphological-differentiation developmental constraints covariance structure ontogenetic changes polygenic traits (1) | native vs. invasive behavior diurnal hunting pattern crepuscular hunting time budget western north-atlantic biotic invasions fishes diel scorpaenidae recruitment populations predation responses habitats (1) | natural-selection evolution populations characters fitness (1) |
| new-south-wales paracentrotus-lividus echinodermata reproductive-cycle heliocidaris-erythrogramma droebachiensis muller sympatric populations contrasting habitats resource-allocation food availability spiny lobster (1) | norms of reaction reaction norms canalization environmental canalization Thamnophis elegans vertebral number meristic traits stabilizing selection fluctuating asymmetry scutellation scalation osteological abnormality quantitative-genetic model phenotypic (1) | northern California Current large marine ecosystem (1) |
| nutrients (1) | oceanic upwelling (1) | oceanographic conditions (1) |
| Omnivory (1) | Oregon (1) | paleoecology (1) |
| Pheromone gene Rapid evolution Positive selection Reproductive protein Courtship signal Sexual communication north-american salamanders amino-acid sites sexual selection genus-plethodon female receptivity terrestrial salamander chemical communication phyl (1) | Plethodon shermani plethodontid courtship pheromone PMF plethodontid receptivity/modulating factors red-legged salamander vertebrate chemical communication during courtship and mating vomeronasal neurons plethodon-jordani sexual-behavior newt sodefrin pro (1) | population-dynamics arctica-islandica age-determination growth zones kelp forest echinoidea echinodermata radiocarbon recruitment mortality (1) |
| positive selection pheromone plethodontid receptivity factor cytokine pheromone delivery detecting molecular adaptation ciliary neurotrophic factor leukemia inhibitory factor codon-substitution models growth-hormone receptor sexual conflict rapid evolutio (1) | positive selection plethodontid receptivity factor plethodon courtship pheromone sexual selection cytokine life-history evolution amino-acid sites positive selection plethodontid salamanders genetic-relationships female receptivity protein evolution sexua (1) | Predator–prey system (1) |
| prey fields sampling gears catchability micronekton salmon diets california current columbia river plume diel feeding chronology oncorhynchus-kisutch pacific salmon gastric evacuation continental-shelf food-consumption north-america oregon waters (1) | reef fish communities population regulation life-history mortality predation consequences scale river spp. (1) | relative importance (1) |
| reproductive effort garter snake life history senescence relative clutch mass natural-selection growth age population hypotheses pleiotropy longevity mortality ecology (1) | Reproductive strategy (1) | Resource allocation (1) |
| rocky intertidal communities (1) | sand supply (1) | scaphiopus-couchii tadpoles life-history genetic-variation sexual isolation hyla-gratiosa food webs growth environment plasticity evolution (1) |
| Sea ice (1) | Seagrass (1) | Sedimentation (1) |
| sexual selection drosophila-melanogaster reproductive success evolution females behavior males competition variance choice (1) | slider trachemys-scripta female rats turtle temperature masculinization morphology estradiol reversal behavior uterus (1) | small mammals (1) |
| spatial migration phenotypic plasticity reproductive maturation survival Thamnophis elegans guppies poecilia-reticulata growth-rates phenotypic plasticity behavioral variation natural-populations reproductive characteristics fluctuating environment indet (1) | spatial scale (1) | species interactions (1) |
| Tradeoff (1) | trait-based biogeography (1) | Ulva spp (1) |
| USA (1) | variation partitioning (1) | viviparous lizard sex-ratios females characters gestation males (1) |
| Zostera japonica (1) | Zostera marina (1) | |
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
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